Extreme heat is the leading cause of natural disaster-related deaths and injuries in the United States. Between 1999-2010, more than 8,000 Americans died of heat-related injuries, and thousands more visited emergency rooms. As summer temperatures soar to record highs, first responders must be prepared to respond to heat stroke and similar symptoms.

Protecting the airway is key to protecting the patient, regardless of the reason for an EMS call. Almost all of the most common EMS emergencies involve risk to the airway. Consider the following common emergencies, and how the airway may be involved:

In 2018 alone, there have been more than 100 mass shootings. Tactical medical response requires a different skill set and approach than that required when an elder falls or a child has a choking episode. Tactical medical injuries are high-stakes, and first responders must provide prompt care in a high-stress environment where split-second decisions can be a matter of life and death.

Respiratory emergencies among the elderly are a common occurrence. As an emergency responder, especially if you work in warmer climes—such as Florida and Arizona—where many people go to retire, you will frequently be called upon to administer life-saving treatments for those in respiratory distress.

We've all been there: You're working a code in a crowded restaurant—a patron who has just finished a gargantuan meal—and as you set up your intubation equipment, the patient begins to vomit. Luckily, you have your portable suction unit ready, so your partner begins to suction as you prep your tube. But as you position yourself at the head, the patient continues to spew. What should you do? How are you supposed to intubate a patient who is actively vomiting? Impossible, right? No. There is now a technique that enables you to intubate, even in the most difficult conditions.

As an emergency medical professional, one of your most critical responsibilities is protecting your patient's airway. This can mean relieving an obstruction (using the Heimlich maneuver or forceps), placing an advanced airway (naso- or endotracheal tube), or simply repositioning the patient to keep their airway open (placing supine, using a jaw thrust).

Anyone who has seen the news lately can attest to the fact that we are in the throes of a serious flu season. Not only has there been widespread infection across the country, but there are numerous strains out there that fall outside of this year’s immunization. That’s not to say that the flu shot is useless. On the contrary, seasonal flu shots are a great way to protect yourself, especially if you are very young, elderly, or immunocompromised. The flu shot may lessen the symptoms and shorten the infection, even if you acquire a different strain. And if you’re a health care provider, you need all the protection you can get.

Thanks to modern medicine and advances in genomics, cancer treatment, and longevity research, the aging population across the United States continues to grow. As it grows, the frequency of EMS providers responding to geriatric patients will only increase.

Responding to pediatric medical emergencies is never easy, especially since most such emergencies involve some form of trauma. Emergencies involving traumatic injuries to a child can be highly stressful events not only for the patient and their family, but for you, the responder, as well. Motor vehicle accidents, falls, and bicycle crashes are just a few of the scenarios that can result in serious, even life-threatening injuries for children; between infancy and adulthood, traumatic injuries make up the most common cause of death, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).¹

One of the most stressful emergency calls a paramedic will encounter is a child who can’t breathe. Pediatric emergencies are stressful enough; in the case of an obstructed airway, stress levels can go through the roof.